Female Reproductive System of Poultry

1. Ovary

   • Function: Produces ova (eggs) and hormones (estrogen and progesterone).

2. Oviduct

   • Function: Transports the ovum from the ovary to the uterus and is involved in egg formation, including the addition of egg white (albumen), membranes, and shell.

3. Infundibulum

   • Function: Catches the released ovum and is the site of fertilization if sperm is present.

4. Magnum

   • Function: Secretes the egg white (albumen) around the fertilized ovum.

5. Isthmus

   • Function: Forms the inner and outer shell membranes around the egg.

6. Uterus (Shell Gland)

   • Function: Secretes calcium carbonate to form the eggshell and adds pigments if applicable.

7. Vagina

   • Function: Stores sperm and serves as a passageway for the egg to exit the body.

Male Reproductive System of Poultry

1. Testis

   • Function: Produces sperm.

2. Vas Deferens

   • Function: Transports sperm from the testes to the cloaca.

3. Cloaca

   • Function:

     • Projects to the vent opening (papillae).

     • During mating, it fits into the protruded cloaca of the hen to release sperm.