Adverb Clauses

Definition

An adverb clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb; it modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb in the main clause. Adverb clauses contain both a subject and a verb.

Types of Adverb Clauses with Examples

Adverb clauses are often introduced by subordinating conjunctions that show the relationship between the clause and the rest of the sentence.

1. Adverb Clauses of Time

• Subordinating conjunctions: when, before, after, since, until, as soon as, while

• Examples:
  • I will call you when I arrive.

  • She left before he came.

  • We waited until the rain stopped.

2. Adverb Clauses of Place

• Subordinating conjunctions: where, wherever

• Examples:
  • Sit where you want.

  • She followed him wherever he went.

3. Adverb Clauses of Cause/Reason

• Subordinating conjunctions: because, since, as, now that

• Examples:
  • He didn’t come because he was sick.

  • Since it is raining, the game was canceled.

4. Adverb Clauses of Purpose

• Subordinating conjunctions: so that, in order that

• Examples:
  • She studies hard so that she can pass.

  • I left early in order that I might catch the train.

5. Adverb Clauses of Condition

• Subordinating conjunctions: if, unless, provided that, in case

• Examples:
  • You can go out if you finish your work.

  • I won’t call you unless I need help.

6. Adverb Clauses of Contrast/Concession

• Subordinating conjunctions: although, though, even though, whereas, while

• Examples:
  • Although she was tired, she continued working.

  • He likes coffee, while she prefers tea.

7. Adverb Clauses of Result

• Subordinating conjunctions: so…that, such…that

• Examples:
  • She was so tired that she fell asleep immediately.

  • It was such a hot day that we stayed indoors.

8. Adverb Clauses of Comparison

• Subordinating conjunctions: than, as…as

• Examples:
  • She is taller than I am.

  • He runs as fast as his brother.