PURE SUBSTANCES AND MIXTURES

Pure Substance

• A substance with constant properties throughout.

• Can be an element or a compound.

Examples: Rainwater, salt, ethanol, sugar.

Mixture

• Contains two or more substances not chemically joined.

Types of Mixtures

1. Homogeneous Mixture

• Particles are evenly mixed.

• Looks the same throughout.

Examples: Sugar solution, salt solution, air, milk, blood.

2. Heterogeneous Mixture

• Particles are not evenly mixed.

• Can see different parts.

Examples: Rocks, soup, crude oil, sand and salt mix.

Solutions

A solution is a homogeneous mixture made of:

• Solute – substance that dissolves.

• Solvent – substance that does the dissolving.

Example:
Sugar + water → sugar is the solute, water is the solvent.

Types of Solutions by Solvent

1. Aqueous Solution

• Solvent is water.
  Examples: Salt solution, sugar solution.

2. Non-Aqueous Solution

• Solvent is not water.
  Examples: Iodine in alcohol, acetone in benzene.

Types of Solutions by State