History Form 4

About Course
MSCE World History covers major events including World War I, the interwar period, and World War II, focusing on their causes and impacts. It studies the decolonisation of India and Kenya, highlighting the struggles for independence. The course also examines expectations at independence, such as political freedom and economic development. Students learn to understand how these events shaped the modern world.
What Will You Learn?
- Understand the major European powers and their influence on world history.
- Analyze the causes and effects of the First and Second World Wars.
- Examine the rise of dictatorships in Germany and the impact of the Russian Revolution.
- Explore the inter-war period and the dynamics of the Cold War.
- Study the independence movements in India and Kenya.
Course Content
Background Information on 1870s European Powers
Before 1900, Europe was dominated by powerful empires such as the British, French, Austro-Hungarian, Russian, and Ottoman Empires. The period was marked by industrialization, imperial expansion, nationalism, and frequent political rivalries that set the stage for major conflicts.
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EUROPEAN POWERS
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Events in Europe (1870–1914) Related to the First World War
Causes and Results of the First World War
World War I (1914–1918) was a global conflict triggered by political tensions and alliances among European powers. It caused massive loss of life and led to significant political and territorial changes worldwide.
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Main Causes of World War I
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Political Alliances
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The Arms Race
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The Moroccan Crises
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Nationalism in the Balkan Region
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The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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Results of World War I
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Reasons Why the Central Powers and Germany Lost World War I
League of Nations
The League of Nations was an international organization formed after World War I to maintain peace and prevent future conflicts. It aimed to resolve disputes through dialogue and promote cooperation among nations.
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The Versailles Peace Treaty (1919)
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Weaknesses of the Treaty
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The League of Nations
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League of Nations: COMMISSIONS AND COMMITTEES
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League of Nations: Assessment
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Achievements of the League of Nations
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League of Nations: Weaknesses
Interwar Period
The interwar period refers to the years between World War I and World War II (1918–1939). It was marked by political instability, economic difficulties such as the Great Depression, and the rise of totalitarian regimes in countries like Germany and Italy. This period also saw efforts at peace through the League of Nations, but ultimately tensions grew, leading to the outbreak of World War II.
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Overview
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ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN EUROPE POST-WWI
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GERMANY’S CHALLENGES DUE TO REPARATIONS
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The Great Economic Depression (1929-1932)
THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
Change of government in Russia, rise of Lenin and Stalin
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Background: The Russian Empire by 1900
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The 1905 Revolution
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The 1917 Revolution
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The Provisional Government
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November 1917 Revolution
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Lenin’s Rise to Power, Achievement and Failures
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Rise of Stalin, Achievement and Failures
Development of Dictatorship In Germany
Weimar republic, rise of Hitler, Achievements and his fall
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The Weimar Republic (1919-1933)
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Adolf Hitler’s Rise
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Origins of the Nazi Party
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Factors Contributing to Nazi Popularity:
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Hitler’s Domestic Policies
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HITLER’S FOREIGN POLICIES (1933-1939)
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Hitler’s Key Foreign Policy Actions
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HITLER’S ACHIEVEMENTS IN FOREIGN POLICY
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ASSESSMENT OF HITLER’S POLICIES
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ASSESSMENT OF HITLER’S POLICIES
WWII
World War II (1939–1945) was a global conflict involving major powers divided into the Allies and Axis. It resulted in widespread destruction, the defeat of fascism, and significant geopolitical changes worldwide.
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CAUSES OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR
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EVENTS LEADING TO WAR
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EVENTS OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR
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TURNING POINTS (1942–1943)
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Why the Axis Powers Lost the War
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The Move to End the War in 1945
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Results of the Second World War
United Nations
Formation of UNO, Achievements and Failure
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Aims and Origins of UN
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UN Agencies and their roles
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ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE UNITED NATIONS
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CHALLENGES FACING THE UNITED NATIONS
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Similarities between the United Nations and the League of Nations
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Differences between the United Nations and the League of Nations
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CASE STUDIES OF UN INTERVENTIONS
Cold War Period
The Cold War was a prolonged period of political and military tension between the USA and the Soviet Union after World War II. It was characterized by rivalry, arms race, and competition for global influence without direct large-scale fighting between the two superpowers.
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1. Definition of the Cold War
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2. Causes of the Cold War
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3. Conflicts in the Cold War
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4. Impact of the Cold War on Africa
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5. Post-War Political and Economic Alliances (Summary)
Decolonisation of India and Kenya
Decolonisation of India and Kenya involved struggles for independence from British colonial rule, achieved through political movements and resistance. India gained independence in 1947, while Kenya achieved it in 1963 after a prolonged fight against colonial oppression.
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Factors Leading to Global Decolonisation
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Summary of Causes
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British Policy: Indirect Rule
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Decolonisation of India
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British Colonial Policies in India
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Factors That Led to Indian Nationalism
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Why India’s Independence Was Delayed
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Key Stages in India’s Path to Independence
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Gandhi’s Role in India’s Independence
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Main Stages Leading to India’s Independence
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INDEPENDENCE AND PARTITION OF INDIA (1947)
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REASONS FOR INDIA’S PARTITION
DECOLONISATION OF KENYA
Studies Kenya struggles to Independence
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FACTORS THAT LED TO NATIONALISM IN KENYA
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EVENTS THAT LED TO KENYA’S INDEPENDENCE
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Impact of Mau Mau Uprising
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STATE OF EMERGENCY (1952)
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Impact of State of Emergency
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3. FORMATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES
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Roles of Political Parties
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Kenya CONSTITUTIONAL TALKS
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KENYA’S INDEPENDENCE
Postcolonial Crisis
The postcolonial crisis refers to the challenges African countries faced after gaining independence, including political instability, ethnic conflicts, economic difficulties, and weak governance. These issues often hindered development and nation-building efforts in the newly independent states.
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African Expectations at Independence
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Major Challenges and Crises in Post-Colonial Africa
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Case Study: Zambia’s Economic Crisis
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Effects of the Economic Crisis in Zambia
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