MSCE Biology for Form 4: Master Key Concepts

 

  1. Medicine:
  • Pharmaceuticals: Utilizes bacteria or fungi to produce medical proteins. For instance, synthetic insulin is produced using Escherichia coli bacteria.
  • Gene Therapy: Uses nucleic acids in drugs to treat diseases, including cancer and genetic disorders.
  1. Agriculture:
  • Enhances crop characteristics like disease resistance, protein content, and drought tolerance.
  • Produces growth hormones to improve milk and meat quality. For example, synthetic hormones are injected into cows to increase milk production.
  1. Industrial Applications:
  • Employs enzymes and microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
  • Beer and Bread Production: Utilizes bacteria for faster fermentation.
  • Detergents: Enzymes are used to enhance cleaning power.
  • Meat Tenderizing: Enzymes are used on a large scale to tenderize meat.
  • Sewage Treatment: Plant enzymes break down organic matter in wastewater.
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