Definition:
- The moment of a force, also known as torque, is the turning effect of a force about a pivot or fulcrum.
- It is calculated as the product of the force and the perpendicular distance from the pivot or fulcrum to the line of action of the force.
Moment of a Force=F×D
Where:- F = Force (in Newtons, N)
- D = Perpendicular distance from the pivot (in meters, m)
- Moment of a Force = NM
Questions on Moments of Forces
- Why is the handle of the door far from the hinge?
- To use a smaller force to open the door instead of a much larger force.
- Why is it difficult to tighten a nut with a finger but easier with a spanner?
- A spanner can produce a large turning effect (moment) with the same force applied, making it easier to tighten the nut.
AIM: Investigating the Turning Effects
Materials:
- Metre rule
- 1 kg mass (10 N force)
Explanation:
- Observe that the mass produces a downward force, which tries to turn the rule.
- The moment of force produces a rotational effect about the pivot, which can be clockwise or anticlockwise depending on the direction of the force.
Formula:
- Moment of Force = F×DF
Variables Influencing Turning Effect:
- Magnitude of the force
- Perpendicular distance of the force from the pivot