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- Kidney Failure:
- Condition: Inability of the kidneys to filter waste from the body.
- Causes: Infection, accidental damage, exposure to toxic substances (e.g., heavy metals), low blood pressure, and heart failure.
- Treatment: Kidney transplant, weekly dialysis.
- Prevention: Avoid overdose and seek medical advice.
- Uremia:
- Condition: Excess urea in the blood due to poor kidney function.
- Effects: Convulsions, coma, vomiting, and difficulty in breathing.
- Glomerular Nephritis:
- Condition: Affects the glomerulus due to bacteria such as streptococci.
- Effects: Swelling of the glomerulus and failure to filter substances properly.
- Kidney Stones:
- Composition: Uric acid, calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate.
- Location: Form in the renal pelvis or urinary bladder.
- Causes: Kidney infections, vitamin A deficiency, high concentration of salts in urine.
- Signs & Symptoms: Pain in the lower belly and base of the penis, difficulty in passing urine.
- Control, Prevention, and Treatment: Balanced diet, plenty of water, hot water massages, dialysis, and kidney transplant.
- Kidney Cancer:
- Condition: Malignant tumors, more common in males.
- Causes: Nicotine in cigarettes.
- Symptoms: Swelling in the renal vein, secondary tumors in lungs and bones, and in children, it affects renal vessels.
- Gout:
- Condition: Caused by uric acid salts forming crystals in joints.
- Effects: Painful walking, affects toes, fingers, and kidneys.
- Causes: High consumption of meat (e.g., kidney and red meat).
- Treatment: Low protein diet, avoid red meat, drink more water, and medication.
- Ureter Blockage:
- Condition: Blockage in the ureter, affecting urine flow.
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